Fractional distillation of crude oil (GCSE)

Crude oil contains a mixture of different hydrocarbon compounds that boil at different temperatures. The larger the hydrocarbon molecule (the longer its carbon-chain length), the higher its boiling point. Liquids boil (liquid→gas) at their boiling point and start to condense (gas→liquid) back to liquid just below this temperature. Cooling encourages condensation. What is the difference between distillation and fractional distillation? For

Hydrocarbons and alkanes

Definition of hydrocarbon    A compound that only contains carbon and hydrogen elements. Tips for drawing organic structures 1. Carbon can only form four covalent bonds. So, when drawing structural formula for any organic compound (such as alkane, alkene, alcohol or carboxylic acids) it is useful to check there are no more, and no less, than 4 covalent bonds formed